Med43
Med42
Med41 (Part 1)
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معسكر مساند
معسكر معين
🗃️ Recall
Face
🌟 Cues
- Definition of the scalp and its layers.
- Boundaries of the scalp.
- Arteries, veins, and lymphatic drainage of the face.
- Muscles of the face and their actions.
- Parotid gland structure and relations.
🗒 Notes
- Scalp Definition: Soft tissue covering the vault of the skull.
- Layers of the Scalp: Skin, Connective tissue, Aponeurosis, Loose areolar tissue, Pericranium.
- Skin: Thick, hairy, vascular, prone to sebaceous cysts.
- Muscles of the Face: Inserted into the skin, supplied by the facial nerve. Important ones include orbicularis oculi, orbicularis oris, buccinator.
- Parotid Gland: Largest salivary gland located below the external auditory meatus.
- Parotid Duct: 5 cm long, opens opposite the upper 2nd molar in the mouth.
- Arteries of the Face: Facial artery, superficial temporal artery, branches of the internal and external carotid.
- Nerve Supply: Mainly trigeminal (sensory), facial nerve (motor).
📝 Summary
The scalp is a vital structure with several layers, each serving a unique purpose. It houses important blood vessels and nerves, making it prone to conditions like cysts and infections. The muscles of the face, including the orbicularis oculi and buccinator, are essential for expressions and facial movements. The parotid gland plays a key role in saliva production, and its duct opens into the mouth. The face’s vascular and nerve supply is complex, with multiple arteries and nerves providing sensation and motor control.